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PCEP Journal article archive
2009 - Volume 8, Issue 3

1. Right in Their Hands: How gestures imply the body’s next steps in Focusing-oriented therapy

Glenn Fleisch - Mill Valley, California, USA

Article | From volume/issue: 8.3 | Pages: 173-188

Keywords: gestures, Focusing-oriented therapy, change-step, life-forward process event

Abstract: One of the cornerstones of the theory and practice of Focusing-oriented therapy is Gendlin's notion (1996) of the life-forward process. In this paper, the importance of recognizing beginning signs of movement in a life-forward direction will be explored with emphasis on the role of gestures as implying next steps and solutions. The phenomenon of gestural leads will be delineated, as a recurrent process marker that emerges in initial sessions of psychotherapy. Using vignettes, the author will demonstrate how Focusing at these gestural "markers" can be a powerful avenue for explicating their felt meaning and for formulating new, intricate possibilities for moving forward. Stages of the Focusing-process event in facilitating change-steps along with a brief theoretical exploration will be presented.

2. Testing the Reliability and Validity of the Scales for Experiencing Emotion with a Canadian Sample

Jeanne C. Watson, Svetlana Lilova - University of Toronto, Canada

Article | From volume/issue: 8.3 | Pages: 189-207

Keywords: emotion, emotion regulation, person-centered, cross-cultural validity

Abstract: The SEE, derived from person-centered theory of personality, was originally developed and tested with a German sample. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of the Scales for Experiencing Emotion (SEE: Behr & Becker, 2002) with a Canadian sample, and to test the relationship between Rogers' (1951) theory of emotional functioning as measured by the SEE and various indices of mental health. The current study provided support for the scale. Results show that the SEE has good overall reliability and excellent validity and is related in expected ways to other measures of personality and emotional functioning. The Canadian sample had lower scores than the German study on all the subscales. However the greatest differences were that the Canadian sample used their imaginations and dreams less to understand and clarify their emotions, had less need to hide their emotions from others, and were less aware of their feelings than participants in the German sample. The limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are discussed.

3. Relational Depth: Its relevance to a contemporary understanding of person-centered therapy

Steve Cox - Chandler’s Ford, UK

Article | From volume/issue: 8.3 | Pages: 208-223

Keywords: relational depth, inclusive, relationship, person-centered, contemporize, society

Abstract: This paper examines the advantages relational depth offers the person-centered approach and, indeed, psychotherapy in general. Relational depth contemporizes and broadens our understanding of in-depth therapeutic relating by moving away from the limiting and divisive notion of "I" and focusing on the inclusive language and dynamics of "relationship." I seek to explore the micro and macro effect of the concept in terms of: self-relationship, relationship with another, and societal relationship. The idea of relational depth does not move us away from the foundations of person-centered theory, but helps us to appreciate the essence of the approach more fully in our current context.

4. A Quiet Revolution … or Swimming Against the Tide?

Elizabeth Freire - University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland

Article | From volume/issue: 8.3 | Pages: 224-232

Keywords: person-centered approach, client-centered therapy

Abstract: This paper describes the revolutionary characteristics and the paradoxes embedded in the person-centered approach that make it “hard to fit” into the mainstream. It is argued that the person-centered approach defies not only the medical model of psychotherapy but also the mechanistic and linear logic of positivist science and that is the reason why person-centered practitioners have the experience of “swimming against the tide” as they continue the quiet revolution initiated by Rogers.

5. Schemas, Self, and Personality Change

Michael Behr - University of Education Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany

Article | From volume/issue: 8.3 | Pages: 233-242

Keywords: client-centered psychotherapy, schema, constructivism, personality

Abstract: New concepts for client-centered and experiential psychotherapy refer to Piaget's schema concept when dealing with personality change. Four major developments include: a constructivist perspective regarding personality change as schema modification; a self-pluralistic perspective highlighting dialogues of voices within the person; an interactive perspective regarding the relationship experience to the therapist or to group members as pivotal; and a disorder-specific perspective on incongruence. Examples are given. The views of the person's experience to be both unique and as well to follow organizing principles and patterns creates a challenging tension for therapists. Secondly, a constructivist view contrasts linear principles of understanding client's processes. This raises a special challenge to root person-centered concepts on theories of general psychology.

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